ISMT Research Warns of Risk of Losing Status in Transboundary Biosphere Reserves

2026-03-30

A study coordinated by ISMT reveals that the failure to implement structural sustainability measures in local businesses threatens UNESCO classifications.

Recent research developed by lecturers at the Instituto Superior Miguel Torga (ISMT) has concluded that the Biosphere Reserve status of Meseta Ibérica, Gerês/Xurés, and Tejo/Tajo may be at risk. The study demonstrates that accommodation and catering businesses in these transboundary areas are not complying with the mandatory sustainability measures required by UNESCO to maintain the classification seal.

The analysis, which covered 30 micro-businesses (14 accommodation units and 16 restaurants), focused on four key dimensions: energy efficiency, water use, waste management, and sustainable purchasing. The results indicate that, although there is an adoption of low-cost and low-complexity measures, such as waste separation, there is a gap in the implementation of structural changes, namely in the use of renewable energy and deep energy efficiency.

According to lecturer Maria Cunha, the study coordinator, the problem lies in a "value-action gap". Although entrepreneurs and workers value sustainability, the lack of administrative structure and technical support prevents the consistent application of good practices. The study reinforces that maintaining the Biosphere Reserve status depends not only on natural preservation but on the sustainable operation of the local economy, suggesting the need for financial incentives and regular inspection to ensure this international environmental trust seal.

Listen here to the interview with Professor Maria Cunha (ISMT) on Antena 1 about the risks of losing the status of Transboundary Biosphere Reserves.